{"id":1885,"date":"2014-05-14T01:03:11","date_gmt":"2014-05-14T00:03:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/historie.zasova.info\/subdom\/historie\/?p=1885"},"modified":"2014-05-19T17:48:00","modified_gmt":"2014-05-19T16:48:00","slug":"promena-zasovskeho-nadrazi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/historie.zasova.info\/subdom\/historie\/promena-zasovskeho-nadrazi\/","title":{"rendered":"PROM\u011aNA ZA\u0160OVSK\u00c9HO N\u00c1DRA\u017d\u00cd"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>V\u00a0polovin\u011b \u010dervna 2010 definitivn\u011b zanikla budova za\u0161ovsk\u00e9ho \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00edho n\u00e1dra\u017e\u00ed. \u00a0Pat\u0159ilo k\u00a0cechovn\u00edm n\u00e1le\u017eitostem, aby vlakov\u00e1 n\u00e1dra\u017e\u00ed p\u011bkn\u011b vypadala. Person\u00e1l jednotliv\u00fdch n\u00e1dra\u017e\u00ed jako by sout\u011b\u017eil, kter\u00e9 z\u00a0nich bude \u00fapravn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed celkov\u00fdm vzhledem budovy, okol\u00ed i kv\u011btinovou v\u00fdzdobou. <!--more-->Je\u0161t\u011b dnes m\u016f\u017eeme p\u0159ed n\u011bkter\u00fdm venkovsk\u00fdm n\u00e1dra\u017e\u00edm spat\u0159it maketu hradu, u\u017e jen zbytek zanikaj\u00edc\u00ed n\u011bkdej\u0161\u00ed sl\u00e1vy.\u00a0Nejinak tomu bylo tak\u00e9 u za\u0161ovsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1dra\u017e\u00ed po zah\u00e1jen\u00ed \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00edho provozu mezi Vala\u0161sk\u00fdm Mezi\u0159\u00ed\u010d\u00edm a Ro\u017enovem pod Radho\u0161t\u011bm.\u00a0<br \/>U\u017e roku 1881 usiloval Ro\u017enov o vybudov\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eeleznice, aby se usnadnila p\u0159eprava host\u016f slibn\u011b se rozv\u00edjej\u00edc\u00edch klimatick\u00fdch l\u00e1zn\u00ed. V r. 1884 byla pam\u011btn\u00edm listem znovu po\u017eadov\u00e1na stavba \u017eeleznice z Kr\u00e1sna do Ro\u017enova. O rok pozd\u011bji se op\u011bt nal\u00e9hav\u011b jednalo o jej\u00edm vybudov\u00e1n\u00ed, nebo\u0165 v t\u00e9 dob\u011b jezdilo do Ro\u017enova ro\u010dn\u011b na 2000 host\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed museli b\u00fdt p\u0159epravov\u00e1ni po\u0161tovn\u00edmi povozy. V Roce 1891 pak bylo op\u011bt\u00a0<em>pracov\u00e1no v\u0161\u00ed moc\u00ed o z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed lok\u00e1lky z Krasna do Ro\u017enova<\/em>. Teprve 2. \u010dervna 1892 se Ro\u017enov \u017eeleznice do\u010dkal.\u00a0Prvn\u00ed vlaky tehdy zdolaly vzd\u00e1lenost 15 km mezi ob\u011bma m\u011bsty za 56 minut (dnes za cca 24 minut). Nam\u00edsto d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fdch vagon\u016f s\u00a0n\u00e1stupn\u00ed deskou po cel\u00e9 jeho d\u00e9lce a se\u00a0samostatn\u00fdmi venkovn\u00edmi dve\u0159mi do ka\u017ed\u00e9ho kup\u00e9 se dnes proh\u00e1n\u00ed Ro\u017enovsk\u00fdm \u00fadol\u00edm elegantn\u00ed a pohodln\u00fd vl\u00e1\u010dek. Komu byla v\u00a0minulosti b\u011bhem j\u00edzdy dlouh\u00e1 chv\u00edle, mohl si jednodu\u0161e vystoupit, proj\u00edt se, pak zase nastoupit do pomalu se \u0161inouc\u00edho vl\u00e1\u010dku a pokra\u010dovat v\u00a0j\u00edzd\u011b. Dnes, kdy\u00a0<em>Ro\u017enovka<\/em>\u00a0uh\u00e1n\u00ed rychlost\u00ed a\u017e \u0161edes\u00e1t kilometr\u016f v\u00a0hodin\u011b, by to bylo sotva mo\u017en\u00e9.\u00a0Dopravu po \u017eeleznici v\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti pova\u017eujeme za naprostou samoz\u0159ejmost, ale p\u0159ed v\u00edce jak sto lety \u0161lo o p\u0159evratnou novinku, kter\u00e1 usnadnila pohyb obyvatelstva i p\u0159epravu materi\u00e1lu. Cesty za prac\u00ed, do \u0161koly, za obchodem i podnik\u00e1n\u00edm a tak\u00e9 na v\u00fdlety se staly samoz\u0159ejmost\u00ed. V\u00a0\u010dase, kdy byla v\u00a0m\u00f3d\u011b p\u00e1ra, propojily \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed koleje ka\u017ed\u00e9 m\u00edsto se \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed zast\u00e1vkou na kontinent\u011b t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 s\u00a0cel\u00fd sv\u011btem.\u00a0Je\u0161t\u011b ne\u017e byla po roce 1950 roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ena autobusov\u00e1 doprava, b\u00fdvalo v\u00a0d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fdch \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00edch vagonech, zejm\u00e9na v\u00a0dopravn\u00ed \u0161pi\u010dce p\u0159i n\u00e1stupu do zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed a \u0161kol a po jejich skon\u010den\u00ed, velmi nat\u011bsno. Podobn\u011b tomu bylo v\u00a0\u010dek\u00e1rn\u011b n\u00e1dra\u017en\u00ed budovy, kam se p\u0159i de\u0161ti nebo v\u00a0zim\u011b p\u0159i mrazu a fujavici v\u0161ichni natla\u010dili. Uvnit\u0159 mal\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1rovka, venku sku\u010del fuk\u00e9\u0159. Po\u0159\u00e1d se nic ned\u011blo. M\u00e1lokdo m\u011bl tedy vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 hodinky. A p\u0159ece se masa cestuj\u00edc\u00edch najednou vyvalila z\u00a0\u010dek\u00e1rny na peron pr\u00e1v\u011b ve chv\u00edli, kdy vlak vj\u00ed\u017ed\u011bl do n\u00e1dra\u017e\u00ed.\u00a0J\u00edzdenky m\u011bly tehdy podobu pap\u00edrov\u00fdch karti\u010dek hn\u011bd\u00e9 barvy s\u00a0p\u0159edti\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdmi \u00fadaji. Slu\u017eba ve v\u00fddejn\u011b do n\u00ed na speci\u00e1ln\u00edm stroji vyrazila datum v\u00fddeje, pr\u016fvod\u010d\u00ed je ve vlaku je pro\u0161t\u00edp\u00e1val kle\u0161ti\u010dkami. P\u0159i v\u00fdchodu z\u00a0m\u011bstsk\u00fdch n\u00e1dra\u017e\u00ed pak z\u0159\u00edzenec pou\u017eit\u00e9 j\u00edzdenky od cestuj\u00edc\u00edch sb\u00edral. \u00a0N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed st\u00e1l\u00ed cestuj\u00edc\u00ed m\u011bli na ur\u010ditou dobu a tra\u0165ov\u00fd \u00fasek, obvykle cestou do zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed, p\u0159edplaceno kup\u00e9. Jen zabouchli u kup\u00e9 dve\u0159e a dosedli, u\u017e mastili karty.<br \/>Na n\u00e1dra\u017e\u00ed lid\u00e9 chodili v\u017edy rad\u011bji o n\u011bjakou minutku d\u0159\u00edve. \u0160kol\u00e1k\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed denn\u011b cestovali ze Za\u0161ov\u00e9 do m\u011b\u0161\u0165anky v Zub\u0159\u00ed \u010dek\u00e1n\u00ed na vlak nevadilo. V\u00a0\u010dek\u00e1rn\u011b budovy za\u0161ovsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1dra\u017e\u00ed si \u010das kr\u00e1tili hrou\u00a0 stoln\u00edho fotbalu na masivn\u00edch d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fdch stolech. Dnes je\u00a0<em>\u0161prtec<\/em>\u00a0mezi ml\u00e1de\u017e\u00ed hra nezn\u00e1m\u00e1, ale tehdy to byla velk\u00e1 v\u00e1\u0161e\u0148 a z\u00e1rove\u0148 velk\u00e9 um\u011bn\u00ed. Hr\u00e1lo se ve dvojici. Ka\u017ed\u00fd z\u00a0hr\u00e1\u010d\u016f si vlastnoru\u010dn\u011b vyrobil z\u00a0tenk\u00e9 desti\u010dky\u00a0<em>\u0161prt\u00e1tko<\/em>, dlouh\u00e9 asi deset centimetr\u016f, vespod dokonale rovn\u00e9, naho\u0159e p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b z poloviny se\u0159\u00edznut\u00e9 asi na p\u011bt milimetr\u016f v\u00fd\u0161ky, zbytek tvo\u0159il oblou\u010dek pro uchopen\u00ed mezi palec a ukazov\u00e1k. Hr\u00e1\u010de p\u0159edstavovaly mal\u00e9 mince, oby\u010dejn\u011b pades\u00e1tihal\u00e9\u0159e, m\u00ed\u010d pak men\u0161\u00ed dvacetn\u00edk nebo desetn\u00edk. Na protilehl\u00fdch stran\u00e1ch stolu se na horn\u00ed desce vyzna\u010dily z\u00e1\u0159ezem branky, asi p\u011bt centimetr\u016f \u0161irok\u00e9. Hr\u00e1\u010di usilovali (podobn\u011b jako u kule\u010dn\u00edku) dostat\u00a0<em>m\u00ed\u010d\u00a0<\/em>odrazem \u0161prt\u00e1n\u00edm<em>\u00a0<\/em>sv\u00e9ho\u00a0<em>hr\u00e1\u010de<\/em>\u00a0do soupe\u0159ovy branky, p\u0159i \u010dem\u017e se na okraji stolu jako mantinelu pou\u017e\u00edvalo prav\u00edtko.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Byla to slavn\u00e1 \u00e9ra parn\u00edch lokomotiv, v\u00edtr strh\u00e1val hust\u00fd kou\u0159 z\u00a0jejich kom\u00edn\u016f do okoln\u00edch pol\u00ed. Kolem cel\u00e9 trati st\u00e1ly telegrafn\u00ed sloupy, hust\u011b ov\u011b\u0161en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ty, ty za zimn\u00ed fujavice kr\u00e1sn\u011b\u00a0<em>hr\u00e1ly<\/em>. Za \u00fazk\u00fdmi ok\u00e9nky vagonu, kter\u00e9 se po otev\u0159en\u00ed zp\u011btn\u011b zav\u00edraly pomoc\u00ed dlouh\u00e9ho \u0159emenu, zvolna ub\u00edhala zvln\u011bn\u00e1 krajina, o ka\u017ed\u00e9m jaru pln\u00e1 rozkvetl\u00fdch luk, b\u011bhem l\u00e9ta sycen\u00e1 t\u011b\u017ekou zelen\u00ed, na podzim oble\u010den\u00e1 v\u00a0n\u00e1dhern\u00fdch barv\u00e1ch usychaj\u00edc\u00edho list\u00ed a v\u00a0zim\u011b zahalena do k\u0159ehk\u00e9 kr\u00e1sy b\u00edl\u00e9ho sn\u011bhu. Ok\u00e9nka vagonu za tuh\u00fdch mraz\u016f pokr\u00fdvala vrstva ledu, tak\u017ee bylo pot\u0159eba vyfoukat tepl\u00fdm dechem kole\u010dka pr\u016fhled\u016f, aby se zjistilo, ve kter\u00e9 stanici se vlak pr\u00e1v\u011b nach\u00e1z\u00ed.\u00a0Budova \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00edho n\u00e1dra\u017e\u00ed se stala pro v\u011bt\u0161inu Za\u0161ovjan\u016f d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm bodem. V\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti ji nahradil p\u0159\u00edst\u0159e\u0161ek s\u00a0lavi\u010dkou, kam se v\u00a0lep\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b vt\u011bsn\u00e1 p\u011bt cestuj\u00edc\u00edch. Takov\u00e1 je da\u0148 pokroku. S\u00a0rozvojem dopravn\u00ed infrastruktury, autobusov\u00e9 a automobilov\u00e9 dopravy z\u00e1jem o vyu\u017eit\u00ed \u017eeleznice upad\u00e1. I tak \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed doprava, kter\u00e1 se za posledn\u00edch dvacet zna\u010dn\u011b modernizovala, st\u00e1le z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed na\u0161ich dn\u016f.\u00a0Z\u00a0jak\u00e9si nostalgie vyj\u00ed\u017ed\u00ed \u010das od \u010dasu na n\u011bkter\u00e9 trati historick\u00e9 vlaky, ta\u017een\u00e9 parn\u00edmi lokomotivami. D\u011bje se tak i mezi Vala\u0161sk\u00fdm Mezi\u0159\u00ed\u010d\u00edm a Ro\u017enovem pod Radho\u0161t\u011bm. Z\u00e1jem o j\u00edzdu historick\u00fdm vlakem je u\u017e jen pro p\u011bkn\u00e9 pod\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed na parn\u00ed lokomotivu, kdy\u017e v oblac\u00edch kou\u0159e a p\u00e1ry proj\u00ed\u017ed\u00ed se zap\u0159a\u017een\u00fdmi vagony Ro\u017enovsk\u00fdm \u00fadol\u00edm.\u00a0Jednu z m\u00e1la parn\u00edch lokomotiv udr\u017euje v provozu\u00a0<em>Parn\u00ed spolek 464 202<\/em>\u00a0z lokomotivn\u00edho depa Olomouc.\u00a0Parn\u00ed lokomotiva 464 202 byla vyrobena jako p\u0159\u00edm\u011bstsk\u00e1 lokomotiva s nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed rychlost\u00ed 90 km v hodin\u011b. Vody m\u00e1 v tendru 16 kub\u00edk\u016f. \u010cern\u00e9ho uhl\u00ed 13 kub\u00edk\u016f (asi 5 tun). Tlak v kotli se udr\u017euje na 15 &#8211; 18 atmosf\u00e9r\u00e1ch. Dvou\u010dlennou pos\u00e1dku tvo\u0159\u00ed strojvedouc\u00ed a topi\u010d. P\u0159ikl\u00e1dat pod kotel se mus\u00ed b\u011bhem j\u00edzdy co 5 a\u017e 10 minut.\u00a0Prvn\u00ed parn\u00ed lokomotivu zkonstruoval a postavil r. 1804 Angli\u010dan Richard Trevithick pro \u017eelez\u00e1rny v Pensylv\u00e1nii, uvezla n\u00e1klad asi 20 tun a vyvinula rychlost asi 8 km v hodin\u011b. Zdokonalenou lokomotivu postavil r. 1814 Angli\u010dan George Stephenson pro vnitroz\u00e1vodn\u00ed dopravu uheln\u00e9ho dolu, uvezla 30 tun. Prvn\u00ed pokusy s elektrickou lokomotivou prov\u00e1d\u011bl r. 1835 Ameri\u010dan Thomas Davenport.\u00a0P\u016fvodn\u00ed parn\u00ed lokomotivy nahradily postupn\u011b motorov\u00e9 lokomotivy poh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 naftov\u00fdm (dieselov\u00fdm) motorem. Elektrick\u00e9 lokomotivy pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed na pohon kol elektromotory nap\u00e1jen\u00e9 elektrick\u00fdm proudem. Turb\u00ednov\u00e1 lokomotiva m\u00e1 spalovac\u00ed turb\u00ednu a p\u0159enos v\u00fdkonu na kola je elektrick\u00fd, v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b mechanick\u00fd. \u00da\u010dinnost parn\u00edch lokomotiv je 7 &#8211; 9 procent, motorov\u00fdch 22 &#8211; 30, elektrick\u00fdch 15 &#8211; 20 a turb\u00ednov\u00fdch 15 &#8211; 17 procent. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 lokomotiva m\u00e1 sv\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed podle druhu: E &#8211; elektrick\u00e1, T &#8211; motorov\u00e1, M &#8211; motorov\u00e9 vozy a v\u00edcevozov\u00e9 jednotky. Parn\u00ed lokomotivy nemaj\u00ed ozna\u010den\u00ed druhu. \u010c\u00edsla na lokomotiv\u011b ozna\u010duj\u00ed: prv\u00e9 ud\u00e1v\u00e1 po\u010det hnan\u00fdch soukol\u00ed, druh\u00e9 s p\u0159ipo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00edm 3 a n\u00e1soben\u00edm deseti ud\u00e1v\u00e1 nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed povolenou rychlost (km v hod.), t\u0159et\u00ed s p\u0159ipo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00edm 10 ud\u00e1v\u00e1 n\u00e1pravov\u00fd tlak (Mp). Prvn\u00ed \u010d\u00edslo za te\u010dkou ud\u00e1v\u00e1 konstruk\u010dn\u00ed skupinu a dal\u0161\u00ed dv\u011b ozna\u010duj\u00ed invent\u00e1rn\u00ed \u010d\u00edslo.\u00a0Nejdel\u0161\u00ed \u017delezni\u010dn\u00ed trati: Pacifick\u00e1 dr\u00e1ha New York &#8211; San Francisko, dlouh\u00e1 5319 km, byla postavena v letech 1864 &#8211; 1869. \u017deleznice nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d Kanadou Canadian Pacific Railway &#8211; C. P. R. z Montrealu do Vancouveru, dlouh\u00e1 4697 km, byla postavena v letech 1881 &#8211; 1885. Sibi\u0159sk\u00e1 magistr\u00e1la, spojuj\u00edc\u00ed Moskvu s Vladivostokem, byla vybudov\u00e1na v letech 1891 &#8211; 1916 a jej\u00ed celkov\u00e1 d\u00e9lka je 8904 km.<\/p>\n<p><em>(sb)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V\u00a0polovin\u011b \u010dervna 2010 definitivn\u011b zanikla budova za\u0161ovsk\u00e9ho \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00edho n\u00e1dra\u017e\u00ed. \u00a0Pat\u0159ilo k\u00a0cechovn\u00edm n\u00e1le\u017eitostem, aby vlakov\u00e1 n\u00e1dra\u017e\u00ed p\u011bkn\u011b vypadala. Person\u00e1l jednotliv\u00fdch n\u00e1dra\u017e\u00ed jako by sout\u011b\u017eil, kter\u00e9 z\u00a0nich bude \u00fapravn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed celkov\u00fdm vzhledem budovy, okol\u00ed i kv\u011btinovou v\u00fdzdobou.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[37,39,43],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/historie.zasova.info\/subdom\/historie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1885"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/historie.zasova.info\/subdom\/historie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/historie.zasova.info\/subdom\/historie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/historie.zasova.info\/subdom\/historie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/historie.zasova.info\/subdom\/historie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1885"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/historie.zasova.info\/subdom\/historie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1885\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1886,"href":"http:\/\/historie.zasova.info\/subdom\/historie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1885\/revisions\/1886"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/historie.zasova.info\/subdom\/historie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1885"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/historie.zasova.info\/subdom\/historie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1885"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/historie.zasova.info\/subdom\/historie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1885"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}